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南非國家電力公司（Eskom）宣布，它已與薩曼科鉻業(yè)（Samancor Chrome）、嘉能可（Glencore）以及政府官員敲定了一份諒解備忘錄，將組建一個聯(lián)合多任務小組，該小組將“優(yōu)先制定一項干預措施，在支持產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力的同時，確保電價解決方案不會給其他客戶帶來額外負擔”。各方同意在三個月內(nèi)提出一個建議方案。

南非國家能源監(jiān)管局（NERSA）目前正在處理一份針對冶煉廠臨時電價調(diào)整的申請。與此同時，政府正在制定一項配套機制，以支持該行業(yè)實現(xiàn)更具競爭力的定價路徑，預計該機制將在未來三個月內(nèi)敲定。這將是南非國家電力公司/南非國家能源監(jiān)管局為冶煉廠提供的第二個“特殊”低價電力方案。

一旦臨時電價獲得批準，冶煉廠承諾暫停依據(jù)《勞資關系法》第189條進行的裁員程序，并在根據(jù)諒解備忘錄制定長期解決方案的同時，讓約40%的熔爐產(chǎn)能恢復運行。（這意味著60%的產(chǎn)能將閑置，就嘉能可旗下的萊昂廠而言也是如此。）

哎呀，這個問題可不是這幾年才出現(xiàn)的，關于它已經(jīng)進行過多次討論了。問題在于，目前仍有大量的鉻鐵產(chǎn)量——尤其是在中國，而中國也是最大的鉻鐵消費國；其他國家，如津巴布韋，也在發(fā)展本國的鉻產(chǎn)業(yè)；隨著不銹鋼產(chǎn)量的下降，西方對鉻鐵的需求也在減少；南非國家電力公司需要資本支出以維持運營；而且該公司不能只支持一家主要用戶而忽視其他用戶。再多的討論也改變不了這些現(xiàn)實。

關鍵問題在于，南非國家電力公司和政府將付出多大代價來維持冶煉廠工人的就業(yè)？以及這個解決方案究竟是真正的長期方案，還是僅僅是權宜之計？

（Eskom’s new solution to saving South Africa’s ferrochrome smelters–a task force to study the problem

 

Eskom announced that it finalized a memorandum of understanding with Samancor Chrome and Glencore and government officials to establish a joint multi-task team that will “prioritise developing an intervention that supports industrial competitiveness while ensuring that electricity-pricing solutions do not impose additional burdens on other customers.” The parties agreed to present a proposed solution within three months.

 

NERSA is currently processing an application for an interim tariff adjustment for the smelters. At the same time, government is working on a complementary mechanism to support a more competitive pricing path for the sector, which is expected to be finalized over the next three months. This would be Eskom/Nersa's second "special" low-priced power price to smelters.

 

Once the interim tariff is approved, the smelters have committed to suspend the Sec. 189 retrenchment process and bring about 40% of their furnace capacity back online while the long-term solution is developed under the MoU. (The means that 60% of the capacity will be idled, which in the case of Glencore, running Lion.)

 

Gee is not like that problem hasn’t been around for years and there have been lots of talks on it. The problem is there is still much ferrochrome production–especially in China, which is also the largest ferrochrome users; other countries, like Zimbabwe, are developing their own chrome industries; Western demand for ferrochrome is going down with the production of stainless steel; Eskom needs capex to continue operating; and Eskom can’t support one major user and ignore the rest of the users. And no amount of talking is going to change that. 

 

The bottom line is how much will Eskom and the government will pay to keep the smelter workers employed? And whether the solution will really be long-term or just a stop gap measure?）